6.03 Evaluate Reasoning

Amendment I Freedoms, Petitions, Assembly	"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment or religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."
Which landmark case will you use as your primary example?	Island Trees School District v. Pico (1982)
What is the landmark case about and how was this amendment upheld?	This case was brought about when The Island Trees School District, located in New York, banned books that were deemed to be inappropriate. Five high school students, one junior high student, and Steven Pico filed a lawsuit against the school district for these actions. In the end, the Supreme Court ruled that the school district was not allowed to be doing this, as this was a violation of freedom of speech and press (the 1st amendment).
List two current court cases relating to this amendment.	Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo (2020) The 1st amendment states the freedom of religion. During the beginning of the pandemic in New York, attendance in churches was limited, depending on what zone the specific area was located in. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn and two Orthodox Jewish synagogues sued against this, citing this was a violation of the right to freedom of religion, while other business remained open in these areas. In the end, the court temporarily enjoined these limits (with a 5-4 vote). (Oyez) American Legion v. American Humanist Association (2019) There is a 40-foot-tall cross that stands in Bladensburg, Maryland which honors those killed in World War I, who were from that area. The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission had set aside money to repair and maintain the cross and its surrounding area. The American Humanist Association didn't like this and complained, as they felt it violated the Establishment Clause. The American Legion stepped in to defend the cross, which later developed into this case. In the end, the court decided, with a 7-2 vote, that the cross did not violate the Establishment Clause. (MTSU)